CVE-2023-39780: ASUS RT-AX55 Routers OS Command Injection Vulnerability

Is it exploited?

Yes. CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2 Jun 2025, 630 days after the CVE record was published.

How likely is exploitation in the next 30 days?

39.5%

EPSS score, percentile 98.6 of all scored records

How severe?

8.8 High

CVSS v3.1 base score, given by the CNA

What should I do?

CISA deadline 23 Jun 2025. Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

The CVE record links no vendor advisory, patch or mitigation.

Which versions are affected?

Affected

• 3.0.0.4.386.51598

Versions by product

Source: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, 2026.10.28, as of 28 Oct 2026; FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS), v2026.06.15, as of 28 Oct 2026; CVE List V5 (CVE Program), cve_2026-10-28_0000Z, as of 28 Oct 2026. About the data.

What to do

CISA due date for this action: 23 June 2025.

Advisories and patches

The CVE record links no vendor advisory, patch or mitigation.

Linked from CISA's catalog entry

• https://www.asus.com/networking-iot-servers/wifi-6/all-series/rt-ax55/helpdesk_bios/?model2Name=RT-AX55
• https://www.asus.com/content/asus-product-security-advisory/
• https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39780

Affected products and versions

As listed in the CVE record.

Versions not listed are: unknown.

Source: CVE List V5 (CVE Program), cve_2026-10-28_0000Z, as of 28 Oct 2026. About the data.

About this vulnerability

ASUS RT-AX55 devices contain an OS command injection vulnerability that could allow a remote, authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary commands. As represented by CVE-2023-41346.

Summary: CISA's KEV catalog, as of 28 Oct 2026.

• CISA added CVE-2023-39780 to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog on 2 Jun 2025.
• CISA's ransomware flag for this entry is "Unknown": no evidence of ransomware use in the catalog, which is not proof of none.
• The due date CISA sets for the required action is 23 Jun 2025.
• The CVE record was published on 11 Sep 2023, 630 days before it was added to KEV.
• The CVE record carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (High), given by its CNA.
• FIRST's EPSS model puts the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days at 39.5% (percentile 98.6), as of 28 Oct 2026.
• CISA's SSVC assessment in the CVE record: exploitation active, automatable no, technical impact total.

Source: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, 2026.10.28, as of 28 Oct 2026; CVE List V5 (CVE Program), cve_2026-10-28_0000Z, as of 28 Oct 2026; FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS), v2026.06.15, as of 28 Oct 2026. About the data.

Description

On ASUS RT-AX55 3.0.0.4.386.51598 devices, authenticated attackers can perform OS command injection via the /start_apply.htm qos_bw_rulelist parameter. NOTE: for the similar "token-generated module" issue, see CVE-2023-41345; for the similar "token-refresh module" issue, see CVE-2023-41346; for the similar "check token module" issue, see CVE-2023-41347; and for the similar "code-authentication module" issue, see CVE-2023-41348.

Source: CVE List V5 (CVE Program), cve_2026-10-28_0000Z, as of 28 Oct 2026. About the data.

Weakness

• CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')

CWE and CAPEC are maintained by MITRE; the entries are those named in the CVE record and the KEV entry.

Timeline

References

• github.com
• github.com
• github.com
• github.com
• github.com
• github.com

More exploited ASUS vulnerabilities

• CVE-2025-59374: ASUS Live Update Embedded Malicious Code Vulnerability (added 17 Dec 2025)
• CVE-2021-32030: ASUS Routers Improper Authentication Vulnerability (added 2 Jun 2025)