CVE-2010-4398: Microsoft Windows Kernel Stack-Based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability

Is it exploited?

Yes. CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 28 Mar 2022, 4,133 days after the CVE record was published.

How likely is exploitation in the next 30 days?

8.7%

EPSS score, percentile 95.1 of all scored records

How severe?

7.8 High

CVSS v3.1 base score, from CISA's enrichment of the record

What should I do?

CISA deadline 21 Apr 2022. Apply updates per vendor instructions.

Advisories and patches (1)

Which versions are affected?

Not stated. The CVE record gives vendor and product as “n/a” and the version as “unspecified”.

Source: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, 2026.10.28, as of 28 Oct 2026; FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS), v2026.06.15, as of 28 Oct 2026; CVE List V5 (CVE Program), cve_2026-10-28_0000Z, as of 28 Oct 2026. About the data.

What to do

CISA due date for this action: 21 April 2022.

Advisories and patches

• MS11-011 (Vendor advisory)

Linked from CISA's catalog entry

• https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-4398

Affected products and versions

The CVE record does not name affected products or versions: vendor and product are “n/a” and the version is “unspecified”.

Source: CVE List V5 (CVE Program), cve_2026-10-28_0000Z, as of 28 Oct 2026. About the data.

About this vulnerability

Stack-based buffer overflow in the RtlQueryRegistryValues function in win32k.sys in Microsoft Windows allows local users to gain privileges, and bypass the User Account Control (UAC) feature.

Summary: CISA's KEV catalog, as of 28 Oct 2026.

• CISA added CVE-2010-4398 to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog on 28 Mar 2022.
• CISA's ransomware flag for this entry is "Unknown": no evidence of ransomware use in the catalog, which is not proof of none.
• The due date CISA sets for the required action is 21 Apr 2022.
• The CVE record was published on 3 Dec 2010, 4,133 days before it was added to KEV.
• The CVE record carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 (High), taken from CISA's enrichment of the record.
• FIRST's EPSS model puts the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days at 8.7% (percentile 95.1), as of 28 Oct 2026.
• CISA's SSVC assessment in the CVE record: exploitation active, automatable no, technical impact total.

Source: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, 2026.10.28, as of 28 Oct 2026; CVE List V5 (CVE Program), cve_2026-10-28_0000Z, as of 28 Oct 2026; FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS), v2026.06.15, as of 28 Oct 2026. About the data.

Description

Stack-based buffer overflow in the RtlQueryRegistryValues function in win32k.sys in Microsoft Windows XP SP2 and SP3, Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP1 and SP2, Windows Server 2008 Gold, SP2, and R2, and Windows 7 allows local users to gain privileges, and bypass the User Account Control (UAC) feature, via a crafted REG_BINARY value for a SystemDefaultEUDCFont registry key, aka "Driver Improper Interaction with Windows Kernel Vulnerability."

Source: CVE List V5 (CVE Program), cve_2026-10-28_0000Z, as of 28 Oct 2026. About the data.

Weakness

• CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
• CWE-119

CWE and CAPEC are maintained by MITRE; the entries are those named in the CVE record and the KEV entry.

Timeline

References

• VU#529673 (Third-party advisory)
• 42356 (Third-party advisory)
• 15609 (Exploit)
• 45045 (Vulnerability database)
• ADV-2011-0324 (Vulnerability database)
• 1025046 (Vulnerability database)
• oval:org.mitre.oval:def:12162 (Vulnerability database)
• isc.sans.edu
• nakedsecurity.sophos.com
• support.avaya.com
• exploit-db.com

1 more in the CVE record.

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